Since Zhang Liquan became so renowned his martial arts were taught often to students who were already masters of other styles, which added variability to the branches after. Additionally it would seem that Zhang Liquan had organized and developed Bai Mei Quan in stages so that the earlier students may have studied slightly different materials. In Guangdong there were thus many branches of Bai Mei Quan according to such conditions, whilst in Hong Kong most of the teachings are derived by his sons which were of the latter session. Here we will focus on the key branches that currently prevail and the key lineages to there establishment. This is by no means an exhaustive list of all practitioners or inheritors of Bai Mei Quan, rather it is only noting the key branches and the personalities involved.
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Zhang Liquan
(1880-1964) |
Although Zhang Liquan was involved in many different associations and schools teaching martial arts, in addition to passing on Bai Mei Quan to his sons Zhang Bingsen, Zhang Bingfa, Zhang Binglin and Zhang Bingyang, he had a great many students and disciples which include the following: Liao Jinyi, Tan Yuetai, Zhang Shumou, Ceng Huibo, Ceng Baoshan, Tao Pei, Qiu Renhe, Ge Zhaohuang, Huang Zhishan, Wu Hua, Wu Yao, Mai Yaoqiu, Chen Jichang, Xia Hanxiong, Che Guohua, Li Hanquan, Li Daen, Li Hanjiu, He shisi, Chen Shiwu, Chen Lianhuang, Guo Chichang, Liao Zhixiang, Chen Lianshu, Li Shiqiang, Wu Dade, Hu Xiang, Chen Zuo, He Jisun, Huang Chubai, Wu Nanjing, Yang qiming, Chen Rongfu, Luo Hua, Deng Yang, Deng Dong, Yan Xiong, Li Potuo and Feng Tianjiu.
Of the above, those with the most influence or greatest number of followers include:
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Zhang Bingsen
(1923-1968) |
Zhang Bingfa
(1937-1989)
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Zhang Binglin
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Xia Hanxiong
(1892-1962)
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Li Shiqiang
(1900-1974)
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Ceng Huibo
(1906-1958)
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Wu Nanjing
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Xianggang
Bai Mei Quan (c. Hongkong Bak Mei)
When Zhang Liquan moved to Hong Kong some of his disciples also went with him. Hong Kong Bai Mei Quan was mainly taught by Zhang Liquan's sons Zhang Bingfa (Cheung Bingfat), Zhang Bingsen (c. Cheung Bingsan) and Zhang Binglin (c. Cheung Binglam) whom became the key teachers when the family moved to Hong Kong. Zhang Liquan was more of an advisor. Additionally many of Zhang Liquan's close disciples also taught in Hong Kong either assisting or running other clubs of their own. Hong Kong Bai Mei Quan has become the standard bearer in recent years given the closeness to the Zhang Family. In Hong Kong some other notable disciples include Wu Nanjing (c. Ng Nam King) who became the president of the Hong Kong Bak Mei Association when first set up in Hong Kong (Zhang Bingfa and Zhang Binglin were supervisors at the association) and Li Shiqiang (c. Lee Sai Keung) who taught in Yuen Long.
Guangzhou
Bai Mei Quan (c. Canton Bak Mei)
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Liang Shaohai |
Throughout Guangzhou the most influential Bai Mei teacher (after Zhang Liquan) was his disciples Ceng Hui Bo and Xia Hanxiong, who were both masters of other styles that lost to Zhang Liquan and later asked for his tutelage. Ceng Huibo was born in Saigon, Vietnam but was descendant of Cengcheng in Guangdong, had studied Cailifoquan (c. Choy Lee Fut). Xia Hanxiong, had previously studied hongquan (c. Hung Kuen) and Cailifoquan (c. Choy Lee Fut), later setup the "Yue Sheng Ti Yu Hui" (Cantonese Victorious - Physical Education Association), later this was changed to the "Zhu Jiang Guoshu She" (Pearl River Chinese Boxing Society". Ceng Huibo and Xia Hanxiong would also accompany Zhang Liquan during his travels throughout Guangdong, assisting in both teaching and meeting challengers. Some of Xia Hanxiongs students include Xia Guoying, Xia Guozhang, Qiu Wu, Li Cai, Li Xia, Liang Shaohai and Lu Yangzhao.
Foshan
Bai Mei Quan (c. Futsan Bak Mei)
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Liu Shaoliang |
Qiu Taisheng |
Xia Hanxiong had taught Qiu Wu who then taught his son Qiu Taisheng and Liu Shaoliang and, who later were the founding fathers of Foshan Bai Mei Quan. There is also a legend that Liu Shaoliang had studied with Zhu Yuan Daoist Priest (a fellow of Zhu Yun Buddhist monk, from Guangxiao Buddhist Temple). Although Qiu Taisheng had been teaching in Foshan he did not gain much popularity. However when Liu Shaoliang joined him, together they had much more success and some of their key students include: Liu Chuanji, Qiu Deji, Chen Youmin, Pang Shaosheng, Chen Shuji, Liang Yuxi and Liang Rungen. The contents of their Bai Mei included sets such as Shi Zi (Cross Fist), Ba Gua (8 Trigrams), Qi Dian Mei Hua (9 Points Plum Blossom), Hua Bao (Flower Leopard), Hu Bu (Tiger Step), Di Sha (Earth Demon), Jiu Bu Tui (9 Step Push), Shi Ba Mo Qiao (18 Rubbing Bridges).
Foshan Bai Mei Jiu Bu Tui performance is found here.
Yunfu
Bai Mei Quan (c. Wanfou Bak Mei)
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Chen Junxia |
Xia Hanxiong and Ceng Huibo had taught Chen Junxia (1903-1952) , who the was the founding father of Yunfu Bai Mei Quan. Chen Junxia taught his son Chen Zhongliang (1914-1999) and Li Yaobin (1919-2003), who each started their own schools in Yunfu.
Chen Zhongliang's main student was Guan Guanghong, but also taught Zhao Ke and Qu Guangquan. His style was very balanced between the hard agression and calm interior influenced by his other martial arts and daoist studies and as a result contains sets such as Shi Ba Shou (18 hands), Wu Suo Zhang (5 Shifting Palms), Long Xing Hu Bu Mo (Dragon Shape Tiger Step Rubbing), Liang Yi Shen Zhang (Twin Poles Spirtial Rubbing), Fei Long (Flying Dragon), Fei Hu (Flying Tiger), Fei Feng (Flying Phoenix) and Hei Hu (Black Tiger).
Li Yaobin's main disciple was Li Ziwen, but also taught Xian Zhuohang and Peng Tiande. From there the art was spread far into Yunfu. Li Yaobin in quite contrast to Chen Zhongliang emphasized the training of skills, strength and power. He was known for stressing the importance of basics and fundamentals thereby characterising his art. The sets he taught included Qian San Hou San (Front three Rear three), Zhi Bu (Straight Steps), Shi Shi (Sek Si), Si Men Ba Gua (4 Doors 8 Trigrams), San Men Ba Gua (3 Doors 8 Trigrams), San Bu Tun (3 Steps Swallow), Jiu Bu Tui (9 Step Push) and Shi Mo Qiao (18 Rubbing Bridges).
Currently the representatives include Peng Jianming (Peng Tiande's son), Lu Wenqiang (Xian Zhuohang's disciple), Li Taishan, Li Taizhi and Feng Yuan (all three studied under Li Ziwen).
Yunfu Bai Mei Jiu Bu Tui performance is found here.
Gaoyao
Bai Mei Quan (c. Gouyiu Bak Mei)
Chen Junxia taught Chen Diquan(1922-1996) , Chen Yongfu and Chen Xuzhou who were from Gaoyao City, who then taught the art in their hometowns. Chen Diquan had master Bai Mei Quan and his style was for his powerful methods, lively and dynamic hands with lightning speed. His teachings included the sets Shi Zi Quan (Cross Fist), Ba Gua Quan (8 Trigrams) and Meng Hu Chu Lin (Fierce Tiger Exits Forest).
Gaoyao Bai Mei Jiu Bu Tui performance is found here.
Vietnam
Bai Mei Quan
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Diep Quoc Luong |
Ceng Huibo (c. Tsang Wai Bok) who was originally born in Saigon in the 1950's, moved to Vietnam (where he is known as Tang Hue Bac) and taught Bak Mei in Saigon (Hoi Chi Minh City), the art was kept predominantly within the Chinese Community.
Some of his most noted students included
Diep Quoc Luong (c. Yip Kwok Leung), Ly Cam Truong, Tan Bic Buc, Luc Tho Nhu, Tai Chek Cam and others.
Diep Quoc Luong was instrumental in passing the arts in Vietnam as he also accepted non Chinese and as a result became one of the most respected and influential Masters in Vietnam. Originally Ceng Huibo in the beginning was said to have taught only 9 sets of Bai Mei Quan, but later expanded the curriculum so that the are up to 18 sets nowadays. Some of the unique sets that are from this line include Dan Jing (Single Power), Si Ma Lian Huan (4 Horse (step) Continuous), Lian Ye Zhe Gui (Lotus Leaf Covers Turtle) and San Gong (Three Attacks).
Vietnam Bai Mei Jiu Bu Tui performance is found here.
Shaolin
Rou Gong Men (c. Yau Kung Mun)
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Xia Hanxiong & Tie Yin |
In his later years, Xia Hanxiong was said to have met a monk Tie Yin (also from Luo Fo Shan) that taught him unique Shaolin Yau Kung Mun methods and created a new style Rou Gong Men (Soft Skill Style). During his later time in Guangzhou and then when Xia Hanxiong moved to Hong Kong he no longer taught Bai Mei Quan but changed to Rou Gong Men which he then passed to later generations including his son Xia
Guozhang (Ha Kwok Cheung). The early stages include most of the same material as Bai Mei Quan, but in the advanced stages the Rou Gong Skills are then the core that differentiate the style. Rou Gong Men also became well known in Hong Kong for its Lion Dance Troupes.
