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 In ancient times, during the three Kingdoms period (220-280 AD), China was dividedinto the Wei Kingdom (Central Plains), the Wu Kingdom and the Shu Han Kingdom (Emei). In 755 AD a large part of the area that was of the Wu kingdom was divided into two major parts. Jiangnan to the area below the Changjiang river and Lingnan.
Here we refer to the current provinces of Guangdong and Guangxi (the two Guangs) as Lingnan.
Historically these southern most provinces were seen as babaric lands (in comparison to the Zhong Yuan were Chinese civilisation began) and were originally inhabited by the Yue people. In the past this area included some northern parts of Vietnam. The southern areas became mostly populated when rebellions and foreign invasions from the North (Mongols, Jurchens) led the people from the central plains southwards. Guangdong is home to many Hakka that are examples of such migration.
The people of Guangdong which include the Teochew, Hakka and Cantonese key groups were early migraters including labor for railworks and gold mining and as a result are found all over the world. The Chinatowns used to largely consist of people from this region. It is for this reason also that most of the chinese martial arts (or Kung Fu) abroad until recently was mostly from this region, thus the Wing Chun, Hung Gar and Choy Lee Fut styles which are familiar to many overseas are some of the most popular. Many have also been potrayed in the Hong Kong (which is predominantly people from this region) Kung Fu Films of the 1970's as have many of the stories of the time also contributed to their popularity.
The have been many battles on these lands later as well such as the Taiping rebellion (its leader was Hong Xiu Quan from Guangxi province) and their initial efforts were in Guangdong. Typically because of the distance from the Imperialist capital, this area was known for revolt. The famous Sun Yat Sen was from Zhong Shan. Also, much of the Opium wars with foreign nations at the time were also active in this region.
In the table below we list the boxing styles from Ling Nan, we note some of the more maternal or well known (focusing on original methods less than on derivatives (of which there are many)) martial arts styles, and we highlight (in grey) those practiced by some members of the Taiping Institute to which you may find further information, for the others we will gradually introduce them as we write some introductory articles about them.
Style |
Origin Area |
Province |
Further Information |
Luo Fou Shan Pai
罗浮山拳 |
Shi Pan, Pun Ning, Shantou |
Guangdong |
|
Nan Zhi Quan
南枝拳
|
Shantou |
Guangdong |
|
Hong Jia Quan (Hung Ga Kuen)
洪家拳 |
Tai Shan, Foshan |
Guangdong |
|
Mo Jia Quan (Mok Ga Kuen)
莫家拳 |
Hai Feng, Hui Zhou |
Guangdong |
|
Cai Jia Quan (Choy Ga Kuen)
蔡家拳
|
Zhong Shan |
Guangdong |
|
Li Jia Quan (Lee Ga Kuen - San Wui)
新会李家拳
|
Xin Hui |
Guangdong |
|
Li Jia Quan (Lee Boxing - Wai Yeung)
惠州李家拳 |
Hui Yang |
Guangdong |
|
Liu Jia Quan (Lau Ga Kuen)
蔡李佛 |
Lian Jiang, Fuzhou |
Guangdong |
|
Yong Chun (Wing Chun)
咏春 |
Ming Qing, Bai Yan Shan |
Guangdong |
|
Xia Jia Quan (Hap Ga)
侠家拳
|
Luo Yuan, Ning De |
Guangdong |
|
Cai Li Fo (Choy Lee Fut)
蔡李佛 |
Fuzhou, Ningbo |
Guangdong |
|
Long Xing Quan (Dragon Style)
龙形拳
|
Ge Chuan, Long Yan |
Guangdong |
|
Bai Mei Quan (White Eyebrow Style)
白眉拳 |
Sha Yang Zhen, Gu Tian, Min Hou |
Guangdong |
|
Fo Jia Quan (Fut Ga Kuen)
佛家拳 |
Lu Feng Xiang, Shang Hang |
Guangdong |
|
Yue Jia Jiao (Ngok Ga Gao)
岳家教 |
Meixian |
Guangdong |
|
Diao Jia Jiao (Diu Ga Gao)
刁家教 |
Meixian |
Guangdong |
|
Li Jia Jiao (Lee Ga Gao)
李家教 |
Meixian, Shantou |
Guangdong |
|
Zhu Jia Jiao (Chu Ga Gao)
朱家教 |
Meixian |
Guangdong |
|
Zhong Jia Jiao (Chong Ga Gao)
钟家教 |
Meixian |
Guangdong |
|
Kunlun Quan (Gwun Lun Kuen)
昆仑拳 |
Meixian |
Guangdong |
|
Liu Feng Shan Pai (Lau Fung San)
刘凤山派 |
Shantou, Meixian |
Guangdong |
|
Zhou Jia Quan (Jow Ga Kuen)
周家拳 |
Xinhui, Guangxi |
Guangdong/Guangxi |
|
Hong Fo Quan (Hung Fut Kuen)
洪佛拳 |
Foshan, Guangzhou |
Guangdong |
|
Rou Gong Men (Yau Kung Mun)
柔功门 |
Xin Hui |
Guangdong |
|
Hu Shi Quan (Tiger Lion Boxing)
虎狮拳
|
Hai Feng, Lu Feng, Tou Wei |
Guangdong |
|
Tu Long Quan (Slaughter Dragon)
屠龙拳 |
Wu Zhou |
Guangxi |
|
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